Accounting machine



Feb. 18, 1941.

Filed Dec. 30, 1937 9 Sheets-Sheet 1 BY 47 ATTORNEY c. D. LAKE ETAL ACCOUNTING MACHINE Feb. is, 1941.

FiledDec. 30, 1937 3Sheets-Sheet 2 II/III/ Ill VIIIIIIJ'IIIIIII III/I114 'IIIII/l/IIIIII llm/l/nnuun T A a! if ATTORNEY I Feb. 18, 1941. .c. D. LAKE ETAL 2,232,006

ACCOUNTING MACHINE Filed Bed. 30, 1937 9 Sheets-Sheet 3 FIG. 4.

VIII!IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII'llIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIla ATTORNEY Feb. 18, 1941.

c. D. LAKE EI'AL ACCOUNTING MACHINE Filed Dec. 30. 1937 9 Sheets-Sheet 4 av /(4714M ATTORNEY Feb. 18,1941. LAKE HAL I 2,232,00

ACCOUNTING MACHINE F i ljecl Dec; so, 1957 9 Sheets-Sheet 5':

v 97 I 111 F '6 ./Kf0::;/0V "a v LNVENT Rs" 7 85 A l'TORNEY Feb. 18, 1941. c, D K EAL 2,232,006

- I ACCOUNTING MACHINE Filed Dec. 30, 1957 9 sheets-sheet s mas-02477041 ATTORNEY Feb. l8, 1941. c p LAKE r 2,232,006

' I ACCOUNTING MACHINE Filed Dec. 30, 1937 9 Sheets-Sheet 7 FIG. 12.

7 ATTORNEY C. D. LAKE El AL ACCOUNTING MACHINE Filed Dec. 30, 1937 Feb. 18, 1941.

9 Sheets-Sheet 8 PRINT C T'RZ A'TTORNEY Feb/18,1941. c. D. LAKE ETAL 2,232,006

ACCOUNTING momma I Filed Dec. 30, 1937 7 2 i MCREa M C I 2.6

9 Sheets-Sheet 9 MCR3B MCRBQ wv/rs cram.

. I I [NW 5 BY v FIG. 14

ATTORNEY Patented Feb. '18, 1941 ACCOUNTING MACHINE Clair D. Lake, Binghamton, and Wesley Pfafl, Union Center, N. Y., assignors to International Business Machines Corporation, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application December 30, 1937, Serial No. 182,402

6 Claims.

This invention relates to tabulating' machines and more particularly to the accumulating mechanism of such machines.

4 The invention'xelates more particularly to the simplification of accumulating mechanism for use in high speed, record controlled accounting machines by the elimination of numerous connections and by a compactness of arrangement utilizing a type of accumulating wheel engaging mechanism not heretoforeemployed in accounting devices.

" Heretofore, an electrically controlled denominational order of an accumulator has comprised generally a driving member, a driven accumulating element, a clutching mechanism between the two and a magnet whose energization has brought about a driving engagement between the driving member and the accumulating element. In such constructions the driving and driven members have been located on the same or separate shafts and the operating magnet has been located adjacent thereto and provided with an armature and linkage to eflect the clutching action.

In the present arrangement, the driving memher, the driven accumulating element and the magnet are allconcentrically mounted on a common axle or support. The magnet itself is constantly rotated and its metallic casing constitutes the driving element of a magnetic clutch which, when current is passed through the winding of the magnet, will magnetically couple a concentrically mounted accumulating wheel thereto for rotation therewith. Suitable circuit making and breaking devices have been designed to enable the clutching action to take place at a diiferential time during a cycle of operation dependent upon the time of sensing a perforation in a column of a record card and to cause the clutch to remain in action until a definite point in the cycle whereby various amounts of rotation of the accumulating wheel are obtained in accordance with the value of the digit entered. A further object of the invention has been to provide a novel form of electrically controlled tens carry mechanism for use in connection with the newly arranged accumulating unit. A still further object resides in the provision of improved locking devices for insuring the positive positioning of the driven elements throughout the operation of the machine.

Further objects of the instant invention reside in any novel feature of construction or operation or novel combination of parts present in the embodiment of the invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a front view of the machine showing the relationship and driving connections between the card'feeding, accumulating and printing sections of the machine;

5 Fig. 215 a central section through the card feeding and analyzing section of the machine, the section being taken along the lines 2+2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a detail of the card feed clutch devices shown in dotted outline in Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a central section through the printing mechanism of the machine, the section being taken along the lines 4-4.0f Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a detail showing the platen spacing control mechanism for the printing unit looking in the same direction as Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a section through the accumulator along the lines 6-6 of Fig. 1. The view is taken along the dividing line between two adjacent denominational orders.

Fig. 6a shows certain parts of Fig. 6' in a different position. I

Fig. 7 is a section taken along the lines l--| of Fig. 1, taken through the, central plane of one of the denominational orders.

Fig. 7a is a detail taken along lines Ia-Ia of Fig. '7.

Fig. 8 is a detail of the tens carry controlling cam and related contacts.

, Fig. 9 is a sectional view taken substantially along the lines 9-9 of Fig. 6.

Fig. 10 is a view looking from the left of Fig. 6. Fig. 11 is a view at a reduced scale looking from the right of Fig. 10 showing the gear drive to the accumulator shaft.

Fig. 12 is a detail of the readout device forthe accumulator unit, the view being along lines l2-I2 of Fig. 10.

Fig. 13 is a timing diagram showing the period of closure of the various cam operated contacts and commutators.

Figs. 14 and 14a taken together and placed one above the other constitute a wiring diagram of. the electric circuits of the machine.

' GENERAL DESCRIPTION The separate units of the machine will first be described in detail and their mechanical operation explained. Following this, the circuit diagram will be explained and the complete operawhere they are sensed by the analyzing mechanism. The accumulator (which has been limited to a single unit comprising six denominational orders for present purposes) is located in the center of the machine. The printing mechanism is located at the right end of the machine and comprises a number of so-called banks of printing type bars.

Main driving connections The driving motor, represented at TM in Fig. 14 (but not shown in the mechanical views), has suitable driving connection as by a belt I (Fig. 1) with a pulley ll carried by a shaft I2. During the operation of the machine motor TM is in constant operation so that shaft l 2 rotates constantly and through a gear l3 mounted thereon drives a gear l4 on a rod l5 which also carries a gear IS. The ,latter gear meshes with a gear l'l freely mounted on a shaft l8 to which shaft the gear is clutched to operate the card feeding devices, as will be described.

At its right hand extremity, shaft l2 carries a gear l9 meshing with a gear on a shaftjl from which the accumulator drive shaft 22 is driven by means of gears 23 and 24 so that shaft 22 is-also in constant rotation. Through gears 25 and 26 the shaft 21 which operates the accumulator is driven.

To drive the printing mechanism, shaft 22 carries a gear 28 (see also Fig. 4) which through an idler 29 drives a gear 30 secured to the printing shaft 3|. Shaft 22 also, through a gear 32, drives a gear 33 (Fig. 5) which operates the paper spacing mechanism of the printing unit.

. Thus, through the connections traced the several shafs l2, 2|, 22, and 3| are in constant rotation as. long as the motor TM is in operation.

, Card feeding mechanism Referring to Fig. 3, shaft I8 has secured thereto an arm 34 which carries a spring-pressed dog 35 in the plane of a notched driving disk 33 which is integral with constantly running gear I]. Energization of magnet CF will attract its armature 31 andrelease dog 35 for engagement with disk 36 whereupon shaft l8 will rotate and through a gear 38 carried thereby will, through gearing generally designated 39 in Fig. 2, cause rotation of card feed roller shafts 40. One of'the gears 39 on each side of the card feed section has eccentrically mounted thereon one end of.a link 4| whose other extremity connects with the picker 42 mounted for vertical reciprocation so that for each rotation of shaft [3, a card is moved downwardly from the supply magazine to the uppermost pair of feed' rollers. The rollers on shafts advance the cards downwardly, in succession, to a pair of feed rollers on the lowermost pair of shafts 43 which are in constant rotation due to direct gear connection designated 44 with shaft l2.

From this point the cards are advanced to a stacker mechanism generally designated 45 whose spring-pressed clips 46 grip the leading edges of the cards and deposit them upon tray 41.

Along the line of travel of the cards are located the upper analyzing brushes UB and the lower analyzing brushes LB mounted in insulating blocks and cooperating with contact'rollers 48 and 49 respectively. At each of the sets of brushes is a pivoted card lever 50, the upper of which cooperates with a pair of contacts 5| and the lower of which cooperates with a pair of contacts 52. The levers serve-to close their respective contacts while a card is passing the brushes and permit the contacts to open during the interval between cards.

The general operation of the card feeding and analyzing mechanism, in terms of cycles of operation of the machine, is as follows: (A cycle is represented by one reciprocation of the picker 42 or three and a half revolutions of shaft I2.)

With the machine at rest, the picker 42 is in the position indicated in Fig. 2 and during the first cycle, the picker will move upwardly to a position above the first card and then move downwardly to advance the leading card to the feed rollers 40 which advance it to the upper brushes UB. At the end of the first cycle, the leading edge of the card will have slightly passed the upper brushes UB, insulating them from the contact roller 48 and the picker 42 will again be in the position of Fig. 2. During the second cycle, the card will be advanced by the rollers to an exactly similar position with respect to the lower brushes LB; that is, its leading edge will be slightly past the lower brushes LB, insulating them from the contact roller 49. Meanwhile, during this second cycle, a second card will have been advanced to the upper brushes so that there is now a card under the upper brushes and a card under the lower brushes. During the third cycle, the cards will pass the lower and upper brushes concurrently and corresponding index point positions will be analyzed At the concurrently by the two sets of brushes. end of the third cycle, the first card will have been advanced toa position where its leading edge has entered the open jaws of one of the clips 46 and during a fourth cycle, the clips will grip the card and bring it into position upon the discharge stack or tray 41. t

The distance between the trailing edge of the first card and the leading edge of the next card is greater than the contacting edge of the card levers (actually'% of an inch) so that the card levers will rock in and out between the cards.

On shaft I3 (Fig. 1) are carried several cams which control the operation of contacts designated with the prefix CF in the circuit diagram (Figs. 14 and 14a) indicating that they operate only during card feeding operations. On the shaft 2! are similar cams controlling contacts designated CR in the circuit diagram toindicate that they are controlled by constantly running cams.

For a more detailed description of the construction and operation of the card feeding and analyzing mechanism reference may be had to the Patent No. 1,976,617, granted to C. D. Lake et al. on October 9, 1934. I

Printing mechanism The printing mechanism of the present machine resiliently supported at their lower ends on crosshead 51 which is slidable up and down on rods 58.

Each type bar has a series of stopping teeth 59 which, as the type bar rises, pass the toe of a stopping pawl 60, normally latched as shown by a latch 8 I. The action is such that as the bar rises,

' energization of print magnet PM when any tooth 59 is passingthe toe of pawl 69 will rock latch 6| to release the pawl for engagement with a selected tooth 59 and interrupt further upward movement of the bar. bar and cross head 51 permits the bar to stop The yieldable connection between the I while the crosshead continues on its excursion For reciprocating the crosshead there is the usual link and arm connection 62 to shaft 63 which carries an arm 64 upon the free end of which is a roller engaging in the cam groove of a box cam 65, freely mounted on constantly running shaft 3|. The cam 65 has secured thereto a gear 66 to which is pivoted a clutching dog 61 normally held in the position shown in Fig. 4 by clutch lever 68, thus holding cam 65 stationary. Lying in the plane of dog 61 is a driving disk 69, secured to shaft 3| so that upon energization of clutch magnet 10, lever 68 integral with the armature of the magnet will release dog 61 to engage in the notch of disk 69 and cam 65 will accordingly be rotated to operate crosshead 5l and type bars 55.

Gear meshes with a gear II on shaft I2 to drive the.latter on which are mounted contact operating cams whose contacts are prefixed P in the circuit diagram (Figs. 14 and 14a) to indicate that they operate only during printing operations. An extension 13 of lever 68 cooperates with pairs of contacts I4 and I4a. to close the same while the magnet I0 remains energized.

At one extremity of theshaft of platen 56 is a ratchet I5 (Fig. 5) with which the usual spacing pawl I6 and detent 'II cooperate. Pawl I6 is carried by an arm I8 which has pin and slot connection with a lever I9 connected by an adjustable link with a plate 0| pivoted at 82. Plate 8| carries a block 83 normally engaged by a latch 84 connected by a link 85. to the armature of a magnet sP. Energization of magnet SP will release plate 8| so that a roller 86 carried thereby may follow the contour of cam 81 carried by the coninvariable stantly rotating gear 33 and through the conse-- quent oscillation oi. the plate 8| eilect. line spaoing of the platen.

Accumulator Referring now to 10 and 11, the constantly running shaft 21 carries a gear 90 which, through,

an idler 9|, drives a gear 92 carried by a square shaft 93 which is thus in constant rotation. The shaft 93 is supported in bearings 94 of side plates 95 which in turn are supported by the framework supporting and driving shaft, the following detailed description of one order will suiiice for all.

On the square driving shaft 93 is a fitted bushing 99 (Fig. 9) upon which a magnet yoke I 00 is rigidly secure d. This yoke is made of so-called electric ironJ" Carried about the periphery of yoke I00 and insulated therefrom and from each other is a pair of channelled collector rings IM to each of which is connected an end of magnetwin'ding AM positioned within yoke I00. Trailing against each ring IN is a brush I02 (Fig. 6)slidably mounted and locked in a suitable .bore in insulating block I03 carried by rods 91. The yoke I00 carrying with it winding AM and rings IOI constitutes the driving element of the accumulator clutch whose driven element includes the toothed wheel I04 and tens carry-cam I05 which latter is made of cold rolled steel (Figs. 9 and '7). The

wheel and cam are riveted together as indicated in Figs. 7 and 9, and are freely mounted on the section of bushing 98 between its shoulders 99a and 99b (Fig. 9) The combined thickness of the wheel and cam is slightly less than the distance between shoulders 99a and 99b so that there is an air gap I06 between yoke I00 and cam I05. This air gap is very slight and measures about five thousandths (.005) of an inch providing -just a working clearance. On the drawings, Fig. 9, the distance is exaggerated to show the gap more clearly.

Wheel m (Fig. '1) is provided with ten teeth I04a, between two of which, when the wheel is at rest, there extends the nose I0'I of a lever I00 which is freely pivoted on a rod I09 (see Fig. 6a)

and held in the position shown in Figs. 6 and 7 -by-a looped wire spring IIO connected at one end to a rod I II and at its other end to a pin in nose I01. ,The spring H0 and lever I08 thus form a toggle with the spring urging nose I0I into contact with wheel I04.

when winding AM is energized, wheel I04 and cam I 05 are magnetic-11y clutched to yoke I00 and commence, to rotate therewith. That is, wheel I04 and cam I05 are attracted by magnet AM and drawn to the right as viewed in Fig. 9. closing up the air gap I06 and physically engaging yoke I00. as wheel I04 commences to turn with yoke I00 to which it is now magnetically coupled, the edge of one of its teeth I04a bears against the upper in clined edge of nose I01 and cams lever I08 clockwise (as viewed in Fig. 'I) about itspivot I 09, carrying the end of spring IIO attached to nose I0I to the right of a line between centers I09 and I I I" to the position shown in Fig. 6a where it will remain until the wheel I04 is disengaged again.

Lever I08 when rocked by a tooth I 04 serves to, operate contacts to provide a holding circuit for winding AM. The arrangement is as follows: A link H3 of insulating material connects lever I08 with a lever II4 pivoted to an insulating block H5 in which are embedded metallic contacts H6 and Ill. Lever Ill be two contact points [I8 and II 9. when lever I0 engages wheel I04 asdn Fig. 6, contacts I I 0 and H8 are in engagement and when the levers I08 and H4 are shifted as in Fig. 6a, contacts I" and H9 are in engagement, the parts being .so proportioned that the contacts H1, H9 engage before contacts II6, I I8 disengage. before-break" action occurs as lever I I4 is shifted.

Energization' of winding AM and clutching'of theaccumulating wheel I04 is effected at differential times depending upon. the location of the In other words, a so-called make perforation sensed in the record card passing .109 with its lower extremity bearing against'the bail I21 and provided with a spring I28, which spring I28 urges the follower I26 against cam I25. At its upper end, Iever I29 has lateral extensions Y I30 and I3I, the former lying in the plane of wheel I04 and the latter extending behind lever The operation is such that during the entering intermediate concentric portion I25a of cam I25- as in Fig. 6a holding bail I21 and through it lever I29 in the position shown in Figs. 6a and 7.

At the "0 point in the cycle (see Fig. 13) follower I26 drops quickly to the surface I25b of cam I25 and its bail I21 will free lever I29 to be rocked rapidly in a counterclockwise direction by its spring I28 bringingprojection I30 on lever I29 into the space between two of the teeth I04a. At the same time, projection I3I engages lever I08 swinging it back from the position of Fig. 6a to that of Fig. 6, thus causing the holding circuit of winding AM to be broken. This holding circuit will be more particularly pointed out in connection with the circuit diagram. It suffices at this time to state that the circuit is made when contacts H1, H9 engage and is broken when the contacts are separated.

With the current thus interrupted, projection I30 will engage the leading edge of a tooth I04a and positively interrupt further rotation of the now released accumulating wheel, I04. At the same time, the trailing edge of the engaged tooth M411 is overlapped by nose I01 to prevent any retrograde movement of the parts. Continued rotation of cam I25 will, through portion I250 thereof, again release wheel I04 for possible tens carry operations and portion I25d will again interrupt the wheel after a single step of movement. I25will cause lever I29 to rock an additional amount in a clockwise direction to restore the tens carry lever I33, if the same had previously been rocked counterclockwise by the devices now to be described. When magnet AM is deenergized and wheel I 04 stopped, the wheel I04 and cam I05 are no longer urged into driving contact with yoke I00 and the wheel is free to move to the left away from the yoke, which it may do due to vibration of the machine. Failure to move back will have no effect on the wheel as it is held against rotation, and with winding AM deenergized only a slight frictional effect would be present which in itself would tend to push the wheel and cam back.

As stated above,-wheel I04 has integral therewith carry cam I05 (Fig. 8) which is provided with a notch I05a, and a rise I05b. Carry lever I33 pivoted at I09 has its nose held against cam I05 due to the action of the looped spring I34 urging lever I33 clockwise. Lever I33 carries a depending member I35 of insulating material through which a brush I36,extends to make contact with either of contacts I31 or I38. Normally the parts occupy the position of Fig. 7 with brush I36 lying intermediate contacts I31, I38. When wheel I04 has been advanced to register "9 thereon, cam I05 is in the position shown in Fig. 8 wherein the nose of lever I 33 is in thenotch of the line between centers III and I09. As a.

result, brush I36 is shifted to engage contact [38 and will remain-in such position. until after the carry portion of the cycle whenthe high portion I25e of ;cam I25 causes lever I29 to rock lever I33 back to its position of. Fig. 7. i

. Adjacent to acctunulating wheel I04 (Fig.. 9)

Finally, the highest portion I25e'of cam .the, end of the cycle.

and carried thereby is a brush structure comprising a holder I4I oi. insulating material and a wire brush I42 fitted within a groove in the holder (see Fig. 12). In the plane of brush I42 are arranged commutatorsegments I43 as.shown and a common arcuate segment I44. Brush I42 serves to make electrical connection between common segment I44 and each of the segments I43 as the accumulating wheel I04 advances. Since the wheel I 04 (Fig. '7) has ten teeth, it moves a tenth of a revolution for, each unit entered. Segments I 43 are spaced one-twentieth of 'a circle apart so that brush I42 stops at the segments in the order in which they are numbered in Fig. 12. In the position shown the "0 segment I 43 is connected-with common segment I44. This device constitutes the so-called readout device by means of which the amount or total standing in th accumulator wheel may be read out.

The segments I43, I44 as well as the brushes I02 of Fig. 6 and the tens carry contacts terminate in beveled contacts as shown in Fig. 7a arranged in the order shown in Fig. 10 so that ready connection can be made to the unit by fixed bifurcated blades I45 as shown in Fig. 7a.

Wiring diagram particular reference to the various operations of adding, listing, total printing, and resetting and;

to the sequence in which the several functions are carried out.

Starting cycles-With a stack of cards placed in the supply hopper of the machine, Fig; 2, the machine is ready to start. Closure of switch I (Fig. 14) puts current on left side oi' line I5I and right side of line I52, and current will flow through the drive motor TM. If the machine is to tabulate, that is, add without accompanying printing, switch I53 is left in the position shown so that a resistance I54 is in series with the motor field I55 to obtain high speed operation. when set for listing," that is, concurrent adding and printing or printing alone, switch I53 is closed, shunting out resistance I54 to ,obtain a slower operating speed. I

The first operation is to depress the total and reset key to close contacts I56 (Fig. 14) which complete a circuit from line I5I, print control relay RI, relay contacts R2b and contacts I56 to line I52. Relay RI closes its contacts Rla to energize the print clutch magnet 10 through a circuit from line I5I, magnet 10, contacts Rla,

R311 to line I 52. The printing mechanism will now go through a cycle of operations during which the P contacts operate and near the end of this cycle contacts P2 close, establishing a circuit from line I5I, control pickup relay R3, relay contacts R5a, contacts P2 to line I52. Relay R3 opens its contacts R31) to break the print clutch circuit but contacts PI hold magnet 10 energized until Relay R3 also closes its contacts R311 to provide a holding.circuit from line I5I, relay R3, contacts R3a, constantly runping contacts CR2 to line I52. As seen from Fig.

13, contacts CR2 close whencontacts P2 are closed during the aforesaid print cycle and remain closed for the major part of the next cycle during which contacts CR5 close to energize the minor control relay R5 through the following circuit: from line I5I, relay R5, relay R6, contacts CR5, contacts R3d (now closed) and wire I59 to line I52. Relay R6 closes its contacts R6a. to provide a holding circuit from line I5I, relay R5, R6, contacts R612, contacts CF3, to line I52.

Relay R when energized remains so until contacts CF3 open during a card feed cycle. It opens its contacts R5a, R50 and R511 and closes its cons tacts R5b. These two cycles always occur to- 5 gather and are called the"print and reset cycles or total and reset cycles. After cards have been run through the machine, these cycles are initiated automatically and during the first or total print cycle actual printing takes place as explained hereinafter under the heading Total printing operations" and on the next following cycle resetting takes place as explained later under the heading "Resetting operations." At the present time, however, noactual printing takes place and also no resetting, the second cycle serving simply to,set up the automatic control circuit by the energization of relay R5, which by closing its contacts R5b enables the start key to become effective.

The start key may now be operated to close its contacts I51 so that, when contacts CRI close near the end of the cycle, a circuit is completed from line I5I, relays R1, R2, contacts I57, CRI, Rlb, R5b (now closed) to line I52. Contacts R close to provide a holding circuit from line I5I, relays R1, R2, contacts R211 and CFI to line I52. Relay R'I closes its contacts Rla through which the card feed clutch magnet circuit is completed from line 15I, magnet CF, contacts .R'Ia to line I52; I The first card now commences to feed downwardly toward the set of upper brushesU'B (Fig. 2) and during this cycle cam contacts CF3 open to drop the holding circuit of relay R5. However, at the time contacts CF3 open during this first card feeding cycle, there is a shunt path around them so their opening at this time has no eifect and relay R5 remains energized.

Near the end of this first card feed cycle, contacts CFI open to deenergize relays RI and R2 40 and card feeding ceases. If the start key contacts I 51 are held closed, or again closed, the relays RI and R2 are immediately energized again as contacts CRI close shortly after contacts CFI- open (see Fig. 18). Thus, a second card feed cycle will follow immediately after the first. The shunt circuit around contacts .CF3 follows from contacts R6a, relay contacts LCLb, UCLc to line I52. The manner in which these contacts are controlled will be explained presently.

Just before the end of the first card feed cycle the leading edge of the first card engages the upper card lever to close contacts 5I which thereupon complete a circuit through relay magnetUCL which in turn-closes contacts UCLc to provide a holding circuitfor the relay from line I5I, relay UCL, contacts UCLe, and CR1 to line I52. The contacts CRI alternate with contacts 5I to keep relay UCL energized as long as cards are fed to the brushes UB.

During the second card feed cycle, as the first,

card is advancing to the lower brushes LB, contacts UCLc' are open so that, when contacts CF3 open during this cycle, relay R5 will become deenergized, causing in turn deenergization of re- 5 lays R2 and R1 and magnet CF, thus interrupting further card feeding and leaving the first card in a position where its leading edge is Just under the lower brushes LB and the leading edge of the second card is Just under the upper brushesUB.

70 Just before'the first card reaches brushes LB, it closed contacts 52 to energize relay LCL which through its contacts LCLc and CR6 provide an alternate circuit to hold the relay energized during the interval between cards.

78 The foregoing cycles comprising a print cycle,

and reset cycle and two successive card feed cycles are a necessary preliminary to advance cards into the machine when first starting. Adding operations are now ready to commence and in the following the machine will be described as set for tabulating.

Automatic control ci'rcuits.-The machine is provided with the usual automatic control devices which serve to keep the machine in operation as long as the control perforations on the successively 0 fed cards are alike. This device may be disabled, however, so that operations continue as long as cards continue to feed. Disabling is effected by closing switch I58, whereby when relays R5 and R6 are initially energized and cards have reached 15 the upper card levers, a holding circuit is established from line I5I, relays R5, R6, contacts R6a, switch I58, contacts UCLb to line I52 through wire I59. Therefore, with contacts UCLa. also closed the motor relay R1 and feed control relay on R2 remainenergized through a circuit from line I5I, relays R1, R2, contacts R2a, UCLa, RAD-and R51) to line I52. When the last card has passed the upper brushes and contacts UCLa open as a consequence, the circuit through relays R1 and 25 R2 is maintained for another cycle by contacts CFI which shunt. contacts UCLa, Rdb and R51) and enable the last card to be advanced to pass the lower brushes LB for sensing of the data thereon. 30 A brief description will now be given of the operation of the automatic control device to show how cardfeeding is automatically interrupted between card groups. After the four preliminary cycles explained above, another print cycle is initiated 35 by operation of the total key contacts I56 as before and as before contacts P2 energize relay R3 which in turn causes relays R5 and R6 to become energized. If plug connections I60 and I6I have been made as indicated to the corresponding column 40 of the upper and lower brushes and a. connection I62 is also made, the machine will continue card feeding as long' as the index positions of the selected card column of successive cards agree.

With card feeding restarted as before, a control circuit is traceable serially through the two cards passing the brushesas follows: from line I5I, contacts CF4, contact roller 48, hole in the card, brush U13,- connection I60, relay winding R9, connection IBI, commutator I63, lower brush 50 LB, contact roller 56, circuit breakers I64, lower card lever contacts 52 to line I52. Relay R49 closes its contacts R911 and R9b, the former setting up a holding circuit from line I5I, relay RI 0,

- contacts R911 and CR8 to line I52 which is held 55 until contacts CR6 open at the end of the cycle. Contacts R9b provide a'shunt around contacts CF3 from the contacts through R91), connection I62, contacts UCLband wire I59 so that relays R5 and R6 remain energized and cards continue feeding.

When successive cards fail to agree, contacts R9b will not be closed when contacts CF 3 open and interruption of card feeding will take place as set forth above.

Adding circuits.--For each column of the card which isto be added a plug connection such as I65 (Figs. 14 and 14a) is madebetween a lower brush LB and a plug socket I66. Then as the card passes the lower brushes a circuit is completed at difierential times, depending on the location of the hole to energize the accumulator winding AM. Assuming a "6. hole to be sensed, the circuit will be completed at the 6" time in I the cycle, traceable from line I52, card lever contacts 52 (Fig. 14), circuit breakers I64, contact roller 50,.6 hole in the card, brush LB, commutator I63, plug connection I65 to socket I66 (Fig. 14a); contacts MCRfla, zero elimination commutator I 61, contacts H6, H8, lever II4, winding AM to line. I5I. This causes the accumulator wheel I04'to be started in motion resulting in the opening of contacts H6, H8 and closure of contacts II I, I I 9, the latter closing before the former open. A holding circuit for the winding AM is thus provided from line I5I. winding AM, lever 4, contacts 'I I1, II9, contacts CRII'I to line I52. Contacts cam open 'at the time indicated in Fig. 13 just before the stop cam I25 has caused interception of the accumulator wheel I04. Thus, the wheel is. intercepted after it has moved six steps to add a 6.

Tens carry-.If during the entering part of the cycle a wheel has passed through zero it will have closed its tens carry contacts I36, I38 so that a carry circuit can now be completed from line I52, J

contacts CR9, contacts I38, I36 oi the unitsorder for example, wire I68, carry commutator I68 of the tens order, winding AM of'the tens order to line I5I. The duration of the circuit is long enough to advance thetens wheel one step and no extra holding circuit is required. If the tens order stood at "9 at this time, the circuit would have continued from wire I69 through contacts I31, I36 of the tens order through the next higher wire I69 to the carry commutator of the hundreds order, the hundreds order winding AM and to line I5I.

Printing operations-When it is desired to have listing of the items entered as an accompaniment .to the accumulating operations, switches. I53 and I18 (Fig. 14) are closed, the former causing slower speed operation by cutting out resistance I54 and the latter placing the print clutch magnet III in 40 parallel with the card feed clutch magnet CF so that magnet 10 is energized through the circuit from line I5I, magnet 10, switch I10, contacts R20 and R1a to line I52 The type bars make a reciprocation during each card feeding cycle. .If

' in the columnfrom which adding-takes place a plug connection such as "I (Fig. 14a) is made, the adding circuit will branch from socket I66, through contacts MCR2 to plug connection I1I, printing magnet PM and to line I5I so that the amount added is also listed. Obviously, if a connection is made directly from a lower brush to the magnet PM listing will take place independently.

of adding. g

Total printing operations-As explained above,

the minor relay R5 will be deenergized when a group number change occurs and opening of contacts R517 will cause card feeding operations to stop with the first card of the new group at the lower brushes in readiness to traverse the same when card feeding resumes. If .the automatic reset switch I12 (Fig. 14) is closed, a total printing cycle will follow immediately upon cessation of card feeding to print the amount or total standing on the accumulator. A circuit is completed when contacts R5c and R212 close traceable from line I5I, print control relay RI, contacts R2b, switch.

the common readout segment I44 through contacts MCRZb and plug connection I1I. Total printing circuits can now be completed as follows: from line I52, circuit breakers I14 (Fig. 14a), contacts R5) and R3h (now closed) common segment I15 of the print emitter PE, brush I16, segments I11 to impress impulses on the wires I18 in the order 9, 8, 7', etc., as the type bars present the correspondingly valued type to the platen, wire I19 to the readout segment I43 at which brush I42 is set, through the brush..I42, segment I44, contacts MCR2b, plug connection I1I, print magnet PM to line I5I. In this manner the amount set on the accumulator readout devices is printed.

The emitter brush I 16 may be mounted on the same shaft that carries the constantly running CR cams so that the brush is in constant rotation.

Near the end of the total printing cycle, contacts P2 (Fig. 14) close to cause energization of relay R3 as explained, which in turn through its contacts Riid causes energization of minor relay R5 and relay R6 during the next following cycle when contacts CR5 close. Thus, total printing will take two cycles during the first of which actual total printing takes place and relay R3 is energized. In the second cycle relay R5 is energized to open its contacts R50 and interrupt the circuit to print control relay RI.

Automatic start circuit.If the automatic start switch I is closed, card feeding will automatically resume under control of contacts CRI which close at the end of the cycle and establish a circuit from line I52, contacts R5b,

- R4b, CRI, and LCLa, switch I80, relays R2 and R1 to line I5I. Relay R1 again causes energization of the card feed clutch magnet CF and, ii. switch I10 is closed, the print clutch magnet 10 is concurrently energized for listing the subsequently sensed cards.

Resetting; operations-Resetting of the accumulators is effected by entering into the accumulator the nines complement of the amount standing therein under control of the readout 1 device and then adding a one into the units order during the tens carry time to advance all the wheels from nine to zero. This operation takes place during the second of the two total taking cycles and is only effective if reset switch I8I (Fig. 14) is closed. As explained, relay R3 is energized near the end of the total printing cycle and opens its contacts R3b so that the print clutch will not be energized during the second or what may be termed the freset cycle," and its contacts 14 are accordingly open during this reset cycle so that relay ,MCR2 is deenergized. Closure of contacts R3 under control of contacts CRI2 will complete a circuit from line I5I, contacts CRI2, R3 switch I8I, relay MCR3 to line I52.

This relay will thereupon cause opening of its contacts MCR3a and closure of its contacts MCR3b (Fig. 14a).

Relay R3 also causes closure of its contacts R39 (Fig. 14a) one blade of which is connected to the segment I82 of reset emitter RE, whose segments I84 are connected by wires I85 to wires I18 in inverted order. That is, 9 segment I84 is connected to the Ofwire I18; the "8 segment is connected to the "1 wire I18; etc. Thus, as emitter brush I83 rotates, circuits will be completed which are traceable from line I52, circuit breakers I14, contacts RSI, R39, segment I82, brush I83, segments I84, wires I35, I13 and I19 to the segments I43 and to brushes I42 attimes representing the nines complement of the amount indicated by the setting of brushes I42, thence through segment I44, contacts MCR3b, commutator I61, contacts I I 6, H8, winding AM to line II. Again contacts H1, H9 will be closed upon movement of accumulator wheel' I04 to set up the holding circuit for the winding. At the carry time contacts CR9 close to complete a circuit from line I52, contacts CR9, contacts MCR3c (now closed), the units order carry commutator I68 and units order winding AM to line ISI. This circuit also branches through the units order nines contacts I31, I36 and thence seriatim to all the other windings and nines contacts to add a unit to each thereby advancing all orders to zero.

Stop key operation.-Card feeding and printing may be interrupted at any time during their operation by depression of the stop key to close contacts I90 (Fig. 14) which cause energization of relay R4'when contacts CR3 close. Contacts R4a then set up a holding circuit through the normally closed start key contacts I5'Ia and this circuit remains held until the start key is again operated. Relay R4 opens its contacts R4b breaking the holding circuit through relays R1 and R2 so these relays become energized when contacts CFI open, resulting in the opening of contacts 31a to deenergize magnets CFand II! at the proper time to stop the operations at the end of a cycle.

List control switch.-A multicontact relay MCRI (Fig. 14) is provided which is energized due to closure of contacts RZe whenever cards are feeding and causes closure'of the contacts MCRIa, during the period that the cards are passing the brushes. A switch I9I is provided which, when closed, will enable the completion of a circuit from line I5I, contacts GR, R5e, switch I9I, contacts MCRIa, relay MCR2 to line I52. When this switch is closed, listing of the data sensed is prevented, even though the plug connections I'II (Fig. 14a) are made, due to the fact that relay MCR2 causes opening of its contacts MCR2a so the circuit from the brushes LB cannot branch to the printing magnets PM. As

explained hereinbefore, however, total printing circuits may be completed if switch I13 is closed to 'permit energization of relay MCR2 during a total cycle, in whichcase connection III is connected to the readout common I44 through contacts MCR2b.

Paper spacing.--The'paper space magnet SP is energized each time the print clutch magnet Iois energized and the circuit is traceable from line ,I5I, magnet SP (Fig. 14), contacts 14a,

(closed by the armature of magnet contacts CRII to line I52. During total printing operations an additional impulse is given to magnet SP to obtain an extra space after the total. As explained above, there are two cycles following a group change during the firstv of which the total is printed and magnet SP is energized due to closure of contacts 14a. Also, during this cycle relay R3 is energized, closing its contacts R3f so that during the second or reset cycle, magnet SP may be energized again when contacts CRI'I close and spacing again takes place.

While there has been shown and described and pointed out the fundamental novel features of the invention as applied to a single modification, it will be understood that various omissions and substitutions and changes in the form and details of the device illustrated and in its operation may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. It is the intention therefore to be limited only as indicated by the scope of the following claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In an accumulating unit for an accounting machine having an accumulating wheel which is to be' advanced different extents to accumulate amounts, including in combination, differential advancing mechanism for said wheel, said mechanism comprising a continuously driven magnet coaxial with said wheel, said wheel having ten rotative positions, means normally holding said wheel in any one of its rotative positions, means for energizing said magnet at differential times during its rotation to cause said wheel to be magnetically coupled thereto for rotation therewith, means integral with said wheel and effective upon rotation thereof for causing release of said holding means, means controlled by the holding means and eilective upon said release to cause maintenance of the energization of the magnet, means for deenergizing said magnet ata fixed point in its rotation to uncouple said wheel and magnet and means operative upon said-uncoupling of the wheel and magnet to cause said holding means to.

reengage and hold said wheel.

2. In an accumulating unit for an accounting machine having an accumulating wheel which is to be advanced different extents to accumulate amounts, including in combination, differential advancing mechanism for said wheel, said mechanism comprising a continuously driven magnet "coaxial with said wheel, saidwheel having ten rotative positions, a member normally holding said wheel in'any one of its rotative positions, means forenergizing said magnet at differential times during its rotation'to cause-said wheel to be magnetically coupled thereto for rotation therewith,-means integral with said wheel and effective upgn rotation thereof for causing release of said holding member, means controlled by said member upon release for establishing a holding circuit for the magnet, means for deenergizing said magnet at a fixed point in its rotation to uncouple said wheel and magnet means operative upon said uncoupling to momentarily engage and hold said wheel, and machine controlled operating means therefor, said last named means also causing said member to reengage the wheel to hold the same.

3. In an accumulating unit for an accounting machine having an accumulating wheel which is tobe advanced different extents to accumulate amounts, including in combination, differential anism comprising a continuously driven magnet coaxial with said wheel, said wheel having a plurality of rotative positions, a member normally holding said wheel resiliently against forward movement and positively against retrograde movement in any one of its rotative positions, means for energizing said magnet athifierential times during its rotation to cause said wheel to be magnetically coupled thereto for rotation therewith, means integral with'said wheel and efiective upon rotation thereof for causing release of said holding member, means controlled by said member upon release for establishing a holding circuit for the magnet, means for deenergizing said advancing mechanism for said wheel, said mechmagnet; at a fixed point in its rotation to uncouple said wheel, machine controlled means momentarily operative to positively engage and hold said wheel against further forward movement upon said uncoupling, and means integral with said ensaid lever upon disengagement for closing said contacts to establish a holding circuit for the magnet, said cam operating at a fixed point in its operation to cause the follower to return the 1 member into engagement with another tooth on holding said wheel in any one of its rotative positions by engagement therewith, means for energizing said magnet at differential times during its rotation'to cause said wheel to be magnetically coupled thereto for rotation therewith, camming surfaces on said wheel effective upon rotation thereof .for camming said member out of engagement therewith, a circuit for holding said magnet energized, means controlled by said member for establishing saidcircuit, means for breaking said holding circuit at a fixed point in the rotation of the magnet to cause uncoupling of said wheel and magnet, and a single machine controlled means momentarily operative to engage and hold said wheel upon said uncoupling, said, last named means acting upon said member to cause the same to reengage the wheel.

5. In an accumulating unit for an accounting machine having an accumulating wheel which is to be advanced diilferent extents to accumulate amounts, including in combination differential advancing mechanism for said wheel, said mech- .anism comprising a continuously driven magnet co-axial with said wheel, said wheel having ten teeth, a member engaging one edge of one of said teeth to prevent advance oil said wheel, a lever engaging another edge of said tooth to prevent retrograde movement of said wheel, a cam rotatable with the magnet, a follower controlled by the cam to remove said member from engagement with said tooth, means for energizing said magsaid wheel, a part oi. said member causing said lever to also reengage said other tooth whereupon the lever will cause the means controlled thereby to reopen said contacts.

6. In an accumulating unit for an accounting machine having an accumulating wheel which is to be advanced difierent extents to accumulate amounts, including in combination, diflerential advancing mechanism for said wheel, said mechanism comp-rising a continuously driven magnet co-axial with said wheel, said wheel having ten rotative positions, a spring biased lever restraining said wheel against advance, a pair of normally closed contacts, a pair of normally open contacts, means for energizing said magnet at differential times during its rotation to cause said wheel to be magnetically coupled thereto for rotation therewith, said energizing means including circuit connections through said normally closed pair of contacts, means integral with said wheel and effective upon rotation thereof for causing release of said restraining lever, a connection between the lever and said pairs of cona tacts to cause reversal of their open and closed positions, the one pair closing before the other opens, a holding circuit completed by the normally open pair of contacts to maintain said magnet energized, means for breaking said holding circuit at another point and at a fixed time to release said wheel, and means for causing said lever to reengage and hold said wheel upon said release whereby said wheel will be advanced'to another initial couplingto said rotating magnet.

CLAIR 13. LAKE. WESLEY PFAFE, 

